COMPREHENSION
CHECK PAGE
118
1. Mark the correct answer in each of the following.
(i) Early man was frightened of
(a) lightning and volcanoes.
(b) the damage caused by them.
(c) fire.
Answer:
(c) fire
(ii) (a) Fire is energy.
(b) Fire is heat and light.
(c) Fire is the result of a chemical reaction.
Answer:
(c) Fire is the result of a chemical reaction.
2. From the boxes given below choose the one
with the correct order of the following sentences.
(i) That
is fire.
(ii) A
chemical reaction takes place.
(iii)
Energy in the form of heat and light is released.
(iv)
Oxygen combines with carbon and hydrogen.
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(iv) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
Answer: (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
WORKING WITH
THE TEXT PAGE
119
Answer the following questions.
1. What do you
understand by the ‘flash point’ of a fuel?
Answer:
The temperature at which fuel starts to burn is called the ‘flash point’ of the
fuel.
2. (i) What are some
common uses of fire?
Answer:
Fire is commonly used for cooking purposes, generating electricity, and warming
our homes.
(ii) In what sense is it a “bad master”?
Answer:
If we cannot control the fire and it gets out of control, it becomes our
master. This can be dangerous for us.
3. Match items in Column A with those in Column B.
A B
(i) Fuel - lighted match stick
(ii) Oxygen - air
(iii) Heat - burning coal
- wood
- smouldering paper
- cooking gas
Answer:
A B
(i) Fuel -
coal, wood, cooking gas
(ii) Oxygen -
air
(iii) Heat - lighted match stick, burning coal, smouldering paper
4. What are the three main ways in which a
fire can be controlled or put out?
Answer:
The three ways through which fire can be controlled or put out are
(a) By taking away the fuel. If there is no fuel the fire will not
burn, we then can control it.
(b) By stopping the oxygen to reach the fire. We cut the supply of
oxygen and extinguish the fire. It can be done by using a damp cloth.
(c) By removing the heat, that is, by bringing the temperature below
the flash point of the fuel.
5. Match the items in Box A with those in Box B
A
(i) To burn paper or a piece of wood,
(ii)
Small fires can be put out
(iii)
When water is spread on fire,
(iv) A carbon dioxide extinguisher is the best thing
(v) Space left between buildings
B
• it absorbs heat from the burning material and
• lowers the temperature.
• reduces the risk of fire
. •
with a damp blanket.
• we heat it before it catches fire.
• to put out an electrical fire.
Answer:
(i) To burn paper or a
piece of wood — we heat it before it
catches fire.
(ii) Small fires can be
put out — with a damp blanket.
(iii)
When water is spread on fire — it
absorbs heat from the burning material and lowers the temperature.
(iv)
A carbon dioxide extinguisher is the best thing — to put out an electrical fire.
(v) Space left between
buildings — reduces the risk of
fire.
6. Why does a burning
candle go out when you blow on it?
Answer:
The burning candle goes out of frame when we blow on it because we remove the
hot air around it and bring the temperature down below its flash point.
7. Spraying water is not a good way of
putting out an oil fire or an electrical fire. Why not?
Answer:
Water should not be sprayed to put out an oil fire and electrical fire. If we
spray water on an oil fire, the oil will keep floating on top of the water and
continue to burn. If water is sprayed on an electrical fire by a person he will
get an electric shock and be killed.
8. What are some of the things you should do
to prevent a fire at home and in the school?
Answer:
Things we should do to prevent a fire at home and school are, get the
electrical appliances at our home insulated and earthed. The presence of a
bucket of sand will prove to be handy in case of a small fire. Schools must have fire extinguishers on every
floor to extinguish the fire immediately. We should be given proper
instructions of evacuation in case a fire breaks out.
WORKING WITH LANGUAGE PAGE 120
1. Read the following sentences.
To burn
paper or a piece of wood, we heat it before it catches fire. We generally do it
with a lighted match. Every fuel has a particular temperature at which it
burns.
The verbs
in italics are in the simple present tense. When we use it, we are not thinking
only about the present. We use it to say that something happens all the time or
repeatedly, or that something is true in general.
Find ten examples of verbs in the simple present tense in the
text ‘Fire: Friend and Foe’ and write them down here. Do not include any
passive verbs.
_________________ ________________ ________________
_________________ _________________ ________________
_________________ _________________ ________________
Answer:
(i) This is what we
call fire.
(ii) Fire is the result
of a chemical reaction.
(iii) Oxygen comes from
the air.
(iv) Every fuel has a
particular temperature at which it begins to burn.
(v) We use it to cook
our food, warm our homes in winter and generate electricity.
(vi) There are three
main ways in which fire can be put out.
(vii) Vast areas of
forest are also destroyed and hundreds of people are killed or injured.
(viii) We spend
millions of rupees each year fighting the fire.
(ix) The blanket of
water also cuts off the supply of oxygen, and the fire is extinguished.
(x) Thus the candles go
out.
2. Fill in the blanks in the sentences below
with words from the box. You may use a word more than once.
carbon cause fire smother
(i) Gandhiji’s life
was devoted to the ________________________ of justice and fair play.
(ii) Have you insured your house against
_______________________?
(iii) Diamond is nothing but ______________________
in its pure form.
(iv) If you put too much
coal on the fire at once you will __________________ it.
(v) Smoking is said to
be the main _____________________________ of heart disease.
(vi) When asked by an
ambitious writer whether he should put some _________________________________
into his stories, Somerset Maugham murmured, “No, the other way round”.
(vii) She is a ____________________________ copy of
her mother.
(viii) It is often difficult to
____________________________ a yawn when you listen to a long speech on the
value of time.
Answer:
(i) Gandhiji’s life was devoted to the cause
of justice and fair play.
(ii) Have you insured your house against fire?
(iii) Diamond is nothing but carbon in its pure
form.
(iv) If you put too much coal on the fire at once
you will smother it.
(v) Smoking is said to be the main cause of
heart disease.
(vi) When asked by an ambitious writer whether he
should put some fire into his stories, Somerset Maugham murmured, “No, the
other way round”.
(vii) She is a carbon copy of her mother.
(viii) It is often difficult to smother a yawn when
you listen to a long speech on the value of time.
3. One word is italicised in each sentence.
Find its opposite in the box and fill in the blanks.
Spending shut destroy
subtract increase
(i) You were required
to keep all the doors open, not __________________
Ans. shut
(ii) PUPIL: What mark
did I get in yesterday’s Maths test? TEACHER: You got what you get when you add
five and five and_____________ ten from the total.
Ans. subtract
(iii) Run four
kilometres a day to preserve your health. Run a lot more to ___________________
it.
Ans. destroy
(iv) If a doctor advises
a lean and lanky patient to reduce his weight further, be sure he is doing it
to __________________his income.
Ans. Increase
(v) The world is too
much with us; late and soon, Getting and _______________________we lay waste
our powers.
-Wordsworth
Ans. spending
4. Use the words given in the box to fill in
the blanks in the sentences below.
across along past
through
(i) The cat chased the mouse
_________________________ the lawn.
(ii) We were not
allowed to cross the frontier. So we drove__________________________ it as far
as we could and came back happy.
(iii) The horse went
__________________________ the winning post and had to be stopped with
difficulty.
(iv) It is not difficult
to see ___________________________ your plan. Anyone can see your motive.
(v) Go
_________________________ the yellow line, then turn left. You will reach the
post office in five minutes.
Answer:
(i) The cat chased the mouse across the lawn
(ii) We were not allowed to cross the frontier.
So we drove along it as far as we could and came back happy.
(iii) The horse went past the winning post and had
to be stopped with difficulty.
(iv) It is not difficult to see through your
plan. Anyone can see your motive.
(v) Go along the yellow line, then turn left.
You will reach the post office in five minutes.
SPEAKING AND
WRITING PAGE
122
1. Look at the following three units. First,
re-order the items in each unit to make a meaningful sentence. Next, re-order
the sentences to make a meaningful paragraph. Use correct punctuation marks in
the paragraph.
(i) and
eighteen fire tenders struggled/the fire began on Monday/to douse the blaze
till morning.
Answer:
The fire began on Monday and eighteen fire tenders struggled to douse the blaze
till morning.
(ii) in a
major fire/over 25 shops/were gutted
Answer:
Over 25 shops were gutted in a major fire.
(iii) but
property/was destroyed/worth several lakhs/no casualties were reported.
Answer:
No casualties were reported but property worth several lakhs were destroyed.
2. Read the following newspaper report given in the box below.
Fire
Station Goes Up in Flames
A fire
chief was embarrassed when a station without a smoke alarm went up in flames.
The building and a fire engine were destroyed in the blaze. Nobody was injured
in the fire that was tackled by 30 firefighters in six fire engines from neighbouring
towns.
Answer:
Read loudly and clearly with correct pronunciation and intonation.
Poem: Meadow Surprises By
Lois Brandt Phillips
WORKING WITH
THE POEM PAGE
124
1. Read the lines in which the following
phrases occur. Then discuss with your partner the meaning of each phrase in its
context.
(i)
velvet grass
Answer:
Velvet grass means that the grass is as soft as velvet.
(ii)
drinking straws
Answer:
drinking straws refers to the long straw-like structure of the butterfly known
as proboscis through which it sucks.
(iii)
meadow houses
Answer:
Meadow houses indicate the houses made by the animals living there. For
example, the burrows of the rabbit and mounds of the ants.
(iv)
amazing mound
Answer:
Amazing mounds can be explained as the soil collected by the ants to make the
amazing anthills.
(v)
fuzzy head
Answer:
Fuzzy head indicates the tuft of the dandelion that floats in the air when we blow
it.
2. Which line in the poem suggests that you
need a keen eye and a sharp ear to enjoy a meadow? Read aloud the stanza that
contains this line.
Answer:
The line that suggests that you need a keen eye and a sharp ear to enjoy a
meadow is:
“You may discover these
yourself if you look and listen well.”
3. Find pictures of the kinds of birds,
insects and scenes mentioned in the poem.
Answer:
Do it for yourself. Make your work colourful and diverse
4. Watch a tree or a plant, or walk across a
field or park at the same time every day for a week. Keep a diary of what you
see and hear. At the end of the week, write a short paragraph or a poem about
your experiences. Put your writing up on the class bulletin board.
Answer: Be creative and honest with your answers.
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