UNDERSTANDING
THE TEXT PAGE
38
1. (i) Contrast the Chinese view of art
with the European view with examples.
Answer:
Paintings in China are imaginative and spiritual, whereas paintings in Europe
are based on realistic views or real items. The mismatch between the
perspectives of two distinct disciplines can be seen in the paintings of Wu
Daozi and master painters from Europe.
(ii) Explain the concept of shanshui.
Answer:
It refers to a form of Chinese painting that blends natural landscapes,
spiritual spaces, and conceptual spaces. It means "mountain water."
It represents the Daoist perspective of the universe from two opposing poles.
2. (i) What do you understand by the
terms ‘outsider art’ and ‘art brut’ or ‘raw art’?
Answer:
Outsider art is created by an artist who has no official training but possesses
the artistic talent and a point of view. Art brut, sometimes known as "raw
art," refers to art in its most basic form or state.
(ii) Who was the “untutored genius who
created a paradise” and what is the nature of his contribution to art?
Answer:
The 'untutored genius' who constructed 'heaven' was Nek Chand. He was the
world-famous Rock Garden of Chandigarh's 80-year-old designer. It's an example
of outsider art, in which raw materials and stones are used to produce a work
of art. Everything and anything may be used to make art; all that is required
is a critical eye. 'Women by the Waterfall' is one of his most well-known
works.
TALKING ABOUT
THE TEXT PAGE
38
Discuss the
following statements in groups of four.
1. “The emperor may rule over the
territory it has conquered, but only the artist knows the way within.”
Answer:
This statement illustrates that, while an emperor may command a whole country
and wield authority over the lands he has conquered, only an artist can see
beyond appearances. He is aware of the universe's path as well as its
unfathomable works. Regardless of how powerful an emperor is, only he can see
the true meaning of his work through ways he knows about.
2. “The landscape is an inner one, a
spiritual and conceptual space.”
Answer:
This sentence explains that even though an emperor may rule an entire kingdom and
have power over his conquered territory, only an artist would be able to go
beyond material appearance. He knows both the path and the mysterious works of
the universe. The true meaning of his work can only be seen by means known to
him, irrespective of how powerful an emperor is.
THINKING ABOUT
LANGUAGE PAGE
38
1. Find out the correlates of Ying and
Yang in other cultures.
Answer:
Yang and yin are complementary polarities that have been linked throughout
cultures and styles. In Indian culture, God and nature are revered. God is
yang, and nature is yin. A combination of two is required to create the world
and all of its worldly items and animals.
2. What is the language spoken in
Flanders?
Answer:
French is spoken in Flanders.
WORKING WITH
WORDS PAGE
38
I. The following common words are used in
more than one sense.
panel
studio brush essence material
Examine the following sets of sentences to find out
what the words, ‘panel’ and ‘essence’ mean in different contexts.
1. (i) The masks from Bawa village in Mali
look like long panels of decorated wood.
Answer:
boards of decorated woods
(ii) Judge H. Hobart Grooms told the jury
panel he had heard the reports.
Answer:
a group of men selected to give a unanimous verdict on a legal matter.
(iii) The panel is laying the groundwork
for an international treaty.
Answer:
a group of experts
(iv) The glass panels of the window were
broken.
Answer:
window panes
(v) Through the many round tables,
workshops and panel discussions, a consensus was reached.
Answer:
group discussions
(vi) The sink in the hinged panel above
the bunk drains into the head.
Answer:
a flat board fixed with the hinge.
2. (i) Their repetitive structure must have
taught the people around the great composer the essence of music.
Answer:
The most important quality of something.
(ii) Part of the answer is in the
proposition, but the essence is in the meaning
Answer:
The
main part.
(iii) The implications of these schools
of thought are of practical essence for the teacher.
Answer:
practical importance
(iv) They had added vanilla essence to
the pudding
Answer:
the liquid extracted from the vanilla plant has a strong and concentrated
taste.
II. Now find the sentences each for the rest of the words to show the different senses in which each of them is used.
Answer:
Poem:
The Voice of the Rain by Walt Whitman
THINK IT OUT PAGE
42
I. 1. There are two voices in the poem? Who
do they belong to? Which lines indicate this?
Answer:
The two voices that are represented in the poem are that of the poet and the
rain. Lines 1-2 and 3-9 indicate their voice respectively.
2. What does the phrase “strange to tell”
mean?
Answer:
The phrase alludes to a peculiar occurrence in which the rain responds to the
poet's question. It's unexpected to hear the answer.
3. There is a parallel drawn between rain
and music. Which words indicate this? Explain the similarity between the two.
Answer:
'Poem of Earth,' 'eternal I rise impalpable out of land and the deep sea,' and
other words/phrases suggest a link between rain and music: 'Poem of Earth,'
'eternal I rise impalpable out of land and the bottomless sea,' and so on. 'For
singing returns duly with affection.' Both come from a source, rise up, find
fulfilment, travel around whether or not they are cared for, and eventually
return to the point of origin with love.
4. How is the cyclic movement of rain
brought out in the poem? Compare it with what you have learnt in science
Answer:
Rain Water rises unspoiled from the land and deep-sea, accumulates in the sky,
changes shape, and finally descends to earth to bathe the dry, microscopic dust
particles and everything buried beneath them. Then it returns to its original
location. According to science textbooks, due to the extreme heat, water
vapours from rivers and the ocean rise to the sky. They take the shape of
clouds and, after condensing, fall like rain. Rivers carry the water back to the
oceans and seas.
5. Why are the last lines put within the
brackets?
Answer:
A statement about music and its cycle appears in the last two lines. These are
not the same as the first nine lines. The poet's voice is heard in the first
two lines, while rain speaks in lines three through nine. The song cycle is
enclosed in brackets to indicate that the speakers differ but the substance is
similar.
6. List the pair of opposites found in
the poem.
Answer:
rise-descend; day-night; reck’d-unreck’d
II. Notice the following sentence pattern.
1. And who
art thou? said I to the soft-falling shower.
2. I am the
Poem of Earth, said the voice of the rain.
3. Eternal
I rise
4. For song…duly with
love returns.
Rewrite the above sentences in prose.
Answer:
1. I said
to the soft-falling shower, “Who are you?”
2. The
voice of the rain said, “I am the poem of Earth.”
3. I rise
eternally.
4. For song returns duly with love.
III. Look for some more poems on the rain and see how this one is different from them.
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