NCERT English Class 10 | Chapter 10 | The Sermon at Benares | Question Answer |

THINKING ABOUT THE TEXT                                                                        PAGE 3

1. When her son dies, Kisa Gotami goes from house to house. What does she ask for? Does she get it? Why not?

Answer: Kisa Goswami goes from house to house after her son dies because she wants to know if anyone has got medicine to 'cure' her son. No, she does not get it since nobody has got such a medicine. 

2. Kisa Gotami again goes from house to house after she speaks with the Buddha. What does she ask for, the second time around? Does she get it? Why not?

Answer: The second time, Gita goes from house to house in search of that one house where death has not taken place. She has been asked to get mustard seeds only from the house where no death has occurred. This time again, she doesn’t get what she asks for as there is not one house that has not witnessed any death.

3. What does Kisa Gotami understand the second time that she failed to understand the first time? Was this what the Buddha wanted her to understand?

Answer: Kisa Goswami becomes tired and hopeless upon discovering that death has knocked everyone’s house. She, therefore, comes to the realisation that death is a truth that none can escape from. She also realises that she had been selfish throughout. And this is exactly what Buddha wanted her to understand.

4. Why do you think Kisa Gotami understood this only the second time? In what way did the Buddha change her understanding?

Answer: Kisa Goswami was witness to her son’s death alone, and she clearly did not know what had transpired in other houses. When she was asked to find a house where no death had occurred, she did so, and when she did not find any, she realised that death is inevitable and that she was not the only person who was grieving the loss of a near and dear one.

5. How do you usually understand the idea of ‘selfishness’? Do you agree with Kisa Gotami that she was being ‘selfish in her grief’?

Answer: A selfish person cares only about himself. He has scant regard for what others think. For him, only his problems are great. I do agree that Kisa Goswami was being selfish in her grief because she did not understand that there is no cure for death. She was so attached to her mortal son that she forgot that one day she would have to leave him or he would have to leave her.


THINKING ABOUT LANGUAGE                                                                      PAGE 4

I. This text is written in an old-fashioned style, for it reports an incident more than two millennia old. Look for the following words and phrases in the text, and try to rephrase them in more current language, based on how you understand them.

·        give thee medicine for thy child

·        Pray tell me

·        Kisa repaired to the Buddha

·        there was no house but someone had died in it

·        kinsmen

·        Mark!

Answer:

·        Give you medicine for your child

·        Please tell me

·        Kisa went to the Buddha

·        There was not a single house where no one had died

·        Relatives

·        Listen

II. You know that we can combine sentences using words like and, or, but, yet and then. But sometimes no such word seems appropriate. In such a case we can use a semicolon (;) or a dash (—) to combine two clauses.

She has no interest in music; I doubt she will become a singer like her mother.

The second clause here gives the speaker’s opinion on the first clause.

Here is a sentence from the text that uses semicolons to combine clauses. Break up the sentence into three simple sentences. Can you then say which has a better rhythm when you read it, the single sentence using semicolons, or the three simple sentences?

For there is not any means by which those who have been born can avoid dying; after reaching old age there is death; of such a nature are living beings.

Answer: I feel that the sentences using semicolons have a good cadence and rhythm, definitely better than the one without them. Also, using semicolons seems to convey the thoughts of the speaker much better.


WRITING                                                                                                             PAGE 6

Write a page (about three paragraphs) on one of the following topics. You can think about the ideas in the text that are relevant to these topics, and add your own ideas and experiences to them.

1. Teaching someone to understand a new or difficult idea

2. Helping each other to get over difficult times

3. Thinking about oneself as unique, or as one among billions of others

Answer: To be done by the student.


Poem: For Anne Gregory                by William Butler Yeats

THINKING ABOUT THE POEM                                                                       PAGE 9

1. What does the young man mean by “great honey-coloured /Ramparts at your ear?” Why does he say that young men are “thrown into despair” by them?

Answer: The phrase 'great honey-coloured' refers to the golden hue of Anne Gregory's hair. And by using the phrase 'ramparts at your ear', the young man is only trying to convey that the hair falls on her ears covering them like a fortified wall. He says that young men are 'thrown into despair'  because they get beguiled by their beauty. 

2. What colour is the young woman’s hair? What does she say she can change it to? Why would she want to do so?

Answer: The woman's hair is honey-coloured or golden-hued. She says she can change it to any colour using a hair-dye. For example, she can dye her hair black or brown or any random colour of her choice. She wants to do so to prove to the men falling for her that her outer beauty is transient and fleeting.

3. Objects have qualities which make them desirable to others. Can you think of some objects (a car, a phone, a dress…) and say what qualities make one object more desirable than another? Imagine you were trying to sell an object: what qualities would you emphasise?

Answer: Objects having qualities in our lives that make it desirable to others.

Object

Qualities

House

Size, Colour,

Car

Model, Speed

Laptop

Brand, Price

TV

Appearance, User-friendliness

I will emphasise on the qualities that I know the customer will like while selling an object.

4. What about people? Do we love others because we like their qualities, whether physical or mental? Or is it possible to love someone “for themselves alone”? Are some people ‘more lovable’ than others? Discuss this question in pairs or in groups, considering points like the following.

(i) a parent or caregiver’s love for a newborn baby, for a mentally or physically challenged child, for a clever child or a prodigy

(ii) the public’s love for a film star, a sportsperson, a politician, or a social worker

(iii) your love for a friend, or brother or sister

(iv) your love for a pet, and the pet’s love for you.

Answer:

(i) reflects the bond they share with their blood relatives

(ii) this purely mirrors the selfless love and admiration that the fans have

(iii) This is created out of empathy and selfless love

(iv) It’s purely unconditional and thus expects nothing in return.

5. You have perhaps concluded that people are not objects to be valued for their qualities or riches rather than for themselves. But elsewhere Yeats asks the question: How can we separate the dancer from the dance? Is it possible to separate ‘the person himself or herself’ from how the person looks, sounds, walks, and so on? Think of how you or a friend or member of your family has changed over the years. Has your relationship also changed? In what way?

Answer: To be done by the student.

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