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Introduction
Climate change is the change in the average weather conditions. These changes result in heavy storms, heat waves, floods, melting glaciers, etc. It is impacting the livelihood of people and other living things. Due to this, a number of species of plants and animals have gone extinct. Also, we see that every summer breaks the record of high temperature of the previous year’s summer.
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When did it start?
The climate started changing a long time ago due to human activities but we came to know about it or noticed it in the mid-nineteenth century during industrial revolution, and gradually increased over every decade.
We started researching on climate change and came to know that the earth's temperature is rising due to a phenomenon called the greenhouse effect. The warming up of earth surface causes many ozone depletion, affects our agriculture, water supply, transportation, and several other problems.
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Natural reasons of climate change
Some of the natural reasons are - volcanoes, forest fires, melting of glaciers, etc. When volcanoes erupt, they throw out enormous amounts of ash and gasses in the air along with molten lava. The ashes result in an increase in dust in the air and poisonous gases like sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide affect the supply of pure oxygen in the air.
Forest fires cause the destruction of entire forests including the wildlife and thus degrade the biodiversity. They also cause the build-up of ash and hazardous gasses in the air.
The melting of glaciers releases a huge amount of carbon monoxide which is a major threat to global warming.
Hence, these activities raise the temperature of the earth to a great extent causing an imbalance in nature.
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Human-made reasons of climate change
Man due to his need and greed has done many activities that not only harm the environment but himself too. Many plant and animal species go extinct due to human activities such as population, deforestation, using fossil fuel, industrial waste, and many more. All these things damage the climate and ecosystem very badly.
Humans, despite being aware of the problems, are ignorant about solving them. We do not react unless the problem is severe, which is our behavioural flaw.
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Effects of climate change
The climatic change has negative impact on the environment. Due to this, temperature is rising, glaciers are melting, the ocean level is rising, CO2 in the air is increasing, forest and wildlife are declining, and water life is also getting disturbed.
Apart from that, it is calculated that if this change keeps on going then many species of plants and animals will get extinct. The environment will get polluted and humans will not be able to get fresh air to breathe and fresh water to drink.
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Future of climate change
If we do not do anything and let the things go on like right now then a day will come when humans will become extinct from the surface of the earth. But instead of neglecting these problems we should start acting on it to save the earth and our future.
Although humans’ mistakes have caused great damage to the climate and ecosystem, it is not late to start again and try to control further damage to the environment.
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How to control climate change
Simple measures are required to limit the impacts of climate change. These include -
Switching to renewable sources of energy and eliminating the use of fossil fuels.
Limiting the consumption of red meat and thus reducing the climate change impact caused by animal husbandry.
Making use of hydrogen fuel and cell-charged vehicles to eliminate the pollution caused by automobiles.
Effective disposal of waste and finding ways to degrade the non-usable waste is also an effective option to limit climate change.
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Conclusion
All the steps discussed above are needed to be followed in a timely manner. Then only, we can see its positive result for our better future.
The simplest thing we can do further is to plant more and more trees to purify the air, create social awareness on climate change to prohibit deforestation, avoid use of chemical fertilizers, and protect the flora and fauna.
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